Here are the symptoms homeowners usually report, and the few checks that are safe to make yourself. We don't put a number on pump lifespan, because it depends on the pump, the water and how hard the system is used.
Common symptoms
- No water at all. This can be a tripped breaker, a failed pressure switch, a control box problem, a failed pump, or a falling water level.
- Pressure that swings or drops. Often a waterlogged or failing pressure tank, or a pressure switch problem.
- Pump clicks on and off rapidly (short cycling). Often a tank or switch problem. Left alone it adds wear to the pump.
- Pump runs and won't shut off. Possibly a leak, a failed switch, or a pump that can no longer reach cut-off pressure.
- Sputtering air, sand or cloudy water. Possibly a well problem rather than the pump. See well rehabilitation.
Safe first checks
- Check whether the breaker for the well pump has tripped. Reset it once at most. If it trips again, stop and call a professional.
- Look at the pressure gauge near the tank, if you have one, and note the reading for the contractor.
- Look for obvious leaks in the house and along the line from the well.
Don't open the pressure switch cover, control box or wellhead wiring unless you are qualified. These carry line voltage. In Texas, pump installation is a TDLR-licensed trade (Occupations Code ch. 1902).
Repair or replace?
A contractor can test the pump, controls and well to tell you whether a part, the pump or the well needs work. See well pump repair.
General information only, not legal or engineering advice. Rules change, so confirm with the agency linked below or a licensed professional before you start work.
Sources
- TDLR: Water Well Drillers & Pump Installers At A Glance
- Texas Occupations Code ch. 1902 (Pump Installers)
- Texas Well Owner Network: Well Owner's Guide to Water Supply
Last reviewed: October 2026.
Related: Well pump repair · Pressure tanks · All guides